European Observatory of Digital Sovereignty
An open mapping of European sovereign digital alternatives, dimension by dimension across the digital day-to-day. To embed sovereignty in tooling decisions and in public-tender specifications.
Method. For each dimension, we list alternatives under European (or Swiss) jurisdiction that are serious candidates against the equivalent American products. This mapping does not rank, it presents — the decision belongs to each organisation according to its constraints. Some alternatives are managed services; others are self-hostable free software, which shifts the operational responsibility but maximises control. Sovereignty is a trajectory, not a state.
Transparency note: when the publishing company is outside the European Union, we say so. For free software self-hosted in Europe, the publisher has no access to the data and the applicable jurisdiction becomes that of the host, not that of the publisher. Version 1 published on 7 June 2026, an evolving mapping — corrections and additions: contact@singulr.be.
1. Source code — managed Git forge
Source-code hosting, version management, collaboration between developers.
- Singulr — Belgium. Managed Git forge on Forgejo, operated by Singulr ASBL under Belgian law.
- Codeberg — Germany. Community Forgejo instance operated by Codeberg e.V., free of charge.
- code.overheid.nl — Netherlands. Dutch public forge, on Forgejo (SSC-ICT/DAWO).
- opencode.de — Germany. Forge of the German public sector, on GitLab (ZenDiS).
- Framagit — France. GitLab CE instance operated by Framasoft, for free-software projects.
2. Professional email
Mailboxes under European jurisdiction, out of the CLOUD Act and FISA 702. Alternative to Gmail / Outlook 365.
- Mailfence — Belgium. OpenPGP encryption, Belgian law, operated by ContactOffice Group.
- Tuta (formerly Tutanota) — Germany. End-to-end encryption, open-source clients.
- Proton Mail — Switzerland. Operated by Proton AG, controlled by the Proton Foundation; end-to-end encryption.
- Infomaniak Mail — Switzerland. Infomaniak Network SA, placed under the control of a public-interest foundation (May 2026).
- Mailo — France. Independent email service (Mailo SAS).
3. Web analytics
Audience statistics without advertising tracking or American third-party cookies. Alternative to Google Analytics.
- Plausible Analytics — Estonia. Open source, cookie-free, GDPR by default.
- Matomo — Publishing company InnoCraft, based in New Zealand; open-source self-hostable software. Hosted in Europe, the publisher has no access and the jurisdiction becomes that of the host.
- Pirsch Analytics — Germany. Cookie-free, European hosting.
- Wide Angle Analytics — Germany. GDPR-native, European hosting.
4. Video conferencing
Remote meetings, webinars, virtual classrooms. Alternative to Zoom / Teams / Google Meet.
- Tixeo — France. ANSSI-qualified, Restricted Distribution deployment. SaaS and on-premise.
- Jitsi Meet — Open-source software (owned by 8x8, United States), self-hostable in Europe. European community instances (e.g. Framatalk).
- Whereby — Norway. European SaaS.
- Linkello — France. Install-free, encrypted video calls.
- BigBlueButton — Canada. Open source, self-hostable, education-oriented.
5. Cloud storage and IaaS
Cloud infrastructure, server hosting, object storage. Alternative to AWS / Google Cloud / Azure.
- OVHcloud — France. SecNumCloud qualification on certain offerings.
- Scaleway — France. Iliad Group.
- Hetzner — Germany. Datacenters in Germany and Finland.
- Infomaniak Cloud — Switzerland. Under the control of a public-interest foundation.
- Exoscale — Switzerland. Owned by the A1 group (Austria).
- UpCloud — Finland.
- Outscale (Dassault Systèmes) — France. SecNumCloud-qualified.
6. Team messaging
Collaborative chat, team channels, asynchronous communication. Alternative to Slack / Microsoft Teams.
- Element / Matrix — Open decentralised protocol (Matrix); Element company in the United Kingdom. Deployed by the Bundeswehr (Germany), Tchap (France), NATO and Sweden. Self-hostable in Europe.
- Rocket.Chat — Engineering in Brazil, legal entity in the United States (Delaware). Open source, self-hostable: hosted in Europe, the jurisdiction becomes that of the host.
- Mattermost — American company; open-source self-hostable software. Hosted in Europe, the publisher has no access and the jurisdiction becomes that of the host.
- Zulip — American company (Kandra Labs, owned by the Zulip Foundation). Open source, self-hostable: same principle.
7. Collaborative office productivity
Collaborative editing of documents, spreadsheets, presentations. Alternative to Google Workspace / Microsoft 365.
- CryptPad — France. Developed by XWiki SAS, end-to-end encrypted, open source.
- OnlyOffice — Latvia. Open source, self-hostable.
- Collabora Online — United Kingdom. Based on LibreOffice, self-hostable.
- Nextcloud Office — Germany. Integrated with Nextcloud, based on Collabora.
- Framapad / Framacalc — France. Framasoft, for light usage.
8. File storage and sharing
Shared drive, synchronisation, file sharing. Alternative to Google Drive / Dropbox / OneDrive.
- Nextcloud — Germany. Open source, self-hostable; SecNumCloud via partner hosts.
- Infomaniak kDrive — Switzerland. Under the control of a public-interest foundation.
- Tresorit — Hungarian origin, controlled by Swiss Post (Switzerland). Zero-knowledge encryption.
- Internxt — Spain. Encrypted, open-source clients.
- Filen — Germany. Encrypted; open-source clients (AGPL), proprietary server.
This mapping is open
Do you know a relevant European sovereign tool that should be listed here? Some information to correct or refine? Write to contact@singulr.be.
A more structured version 2 (standardised criteria, business model, encryption level, SecNumCloud qualification, operability status) is planned for the fourth quarter of 2026.
Beyond the mapping, Singulr operates its own sovereign alternative: the sovereign Git forge, hosted in Belgium under European law.